COMPUTER AND ITS BASIC ORGANIZATION

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computer facts :


computer - characteristics of computer,limitations of computer

Basic organization - Input unit, output unit, central processing unit

Computer memory - primary memory,secondary memory

Hardware and Software - Relationship between hardware and software

Types software - System software, Application software, Firmware

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central processing unit

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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT : The CPU is known as the brain of a computer system.In a human body the brain takes all major decisions.Similarly,in a computer system,all major calculations and decisions are made inside the CPU.The CPU is also responsible for activating and controlling the operations of other units of a computer system.It consists of mainly three components: 1.Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) : The computer performs all arithmetical or logical operations through this units.An arithmetic operations (all types of comparisons). 2. Control Unit : The control unit controls each and every part of the computer system along with the peripherals.It retrieves data and instructions from the memory and sends the commands to various parts of the computer system. 3. Memory Unit : The data and instructions which are entered into the computer system through input units have to be stored inside the computer before the actual processing starts.It is the primary memory, which is d
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computer input output system

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Input Unit : All data and instructions are entered in the computer system through input devices for further processing. The data and instructions are transformed into binary codes. In short,an input unit performs the following functions 1. It accepts the data and instructions from the outside world. 2. it converts these data and instructions in computer- acceptable from. 3. It supplies these converted data and instruction to the computer system for further processing. Output Unit : The job output unit to supply the information and result of computation to the outside world. Thus,it link the computer with the external environment. In short,an output unit performs the following functions 1. It accepts the result produced by the computer ,which are in coded from and hence can't be easily understood. 2. It converts these coded results to the outside world in readable from.
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